Oil and grease hydrocarbons


Experiment no.2
Oil and grease hydrocarbons


Objective
Determine the presence of oil and grease hydrocarbons in the water sample and analyze it.

Introduction
  The source of the oil and or grease, the presence of extractable non-oily matter will influence the material measured and interpretation of results. Some of the principle behind this experiment can be base in the following, One, In IR Spectrometric techniques are based upon the C-H absorption bands of CH2 groups of HC. The chosen peak is located at 3.46u (CH2 stretching vibration). The HC are extracted from the sample by CCl4 using a soxhlet extraction, and them analyzed with co IR Spectrophotometer. Then, another principle is the weigh of techniques, after extraction of oily matter ay organic solvent (CCl4 or C6H6). This method is not applicable to measurement of light HC that volatilize at T below 80 'C.

Apparatus used to gather data were
4pcs 250 ml Beakers, 100ml Graduated cylinder, 1Separatory funnel, Iron stand, Iron ring, Evaporating dish, Crucible tong and Test tube brush.

Chemicals used to complete the data were
Al2(SO4)3, CCl4 or n-hexane and Water sample- deep well.

Procedure
1. Place 50 ml of water sample in a 250 ml beaker, add 5 ml of Al2(SO4)3 solution.
2. Add 10 ml of CCl4 or n-hexane mix well and extract the organic layer.
 3. Add again 10 ml CCl4 or n-hexane and extract.
 4. Weigh an evaporating dish and record the weight.
 5. Transfer CCl4 or n-hexane samples into the weighed evaporating dish.
 6. Evaporate in a water bath to dryness.
 7. Cool and weigh.
 8. Calculate the oil or grease present in the water sample.

Results

1st trial             2nd trial
Volume of water sample
50 ml 50 ml
weight of empty evaporating dish
48.1481g 50.3370g
weight of evaporating fish and CCl4 sample
48.1560g 50.3370g
Concentrated of oil and grease


+Find a set up of the said experiment

+Reference

+conclusion

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